4.08.02 Environmental Management: Soil

Disclaimer: This is a first attempt to provide guidance in preparing the information product needed for the CLUP and is intended to be used hand-in-hand with Volume 1 and 2. As more knowledge is gathered, the IP will be updated. Likewise, updates may be required due to new or changing of land-use policies. Furthermore, data will continuously be prepared by the custodians, which may require updates.
For the latest update, please check HLURB Homepage: http://www.hlurb.gov.ph/ or contact HLURB, telephone +632 927 2698

Step 1: Provide a Background and Identify the Objectives
of the GIS Analysis

Type of soil is one factor in identifying suitable areas for expansion.
Soil is also an important factor in determining agricultural areas which
is already integrated when an LGU produces their SAFDZ and also a consideration
when Land Management Unit (LMU) map of the BSWM. The objective is to identify
the type of soil which is a criterion in determining soil suitable areas
for urban expansion.

Step 2: Identify the Indicators to Evaluate Suitability

The four (4) classes of soil suitability are as follows:

Class I (Good) - Areas which have properties favorable for the rated use
with none to slight limitations which can be easily overcome. Class II (Fair)
- Areas with moderate limitations mainly due to soil erosion, moderate drainage
problems caused by run-off and slow permeability. Class III (Poor) - Areas
with soil having one or more properties unfavorable to the rated use. The
limitations are difficult and costly to modify/overcome, requiring major
soil reclamation, special design or intensive maintenance. Class IV (Very
Poor) - Soil under this classification have very severe limitations for
urban requirements which are very difficult and costly to overcome. Complete
replacement or modifications or existing soil conditions may be needed.

Soil Suitability Classification for Urban Use

Classes	Slope Erosion	Soil Profile Characteristics	Flooding	Stoniness/ Rocks
Good		0-10% - level to gently sloping; none to moderately eroded	Deep to moderately deep with clay solum; well to moderately well drained	No flooding; drainage good with low water table	No rockiness & shrinking or swelling problems
Fair	10-15% - gently sloping to rolling relief moderately to severely eroded	Moderately to deep profile erosion may result in shallow profile depth to bedrock	Moderate drainage problem due to run-off and slow permeability rate	Slight to moderate shrinking and swelling rockiness and stoniness problem
Poor	15-25% - steep or hilly topography moderately to severely eroded	Deep with clay loam to clayely texture and sandy solum texture	Soil drainage good or fair but excessive external due to their steep slopes
Very Poor	over 25% - very steep to mountainous very severe erosion level to nearly level		Extreme submerged problem

Step 3: Create the Database

Attribute

The following attribute tables may be used for this sector.
EM01 Soil Type

The custodian of the sector data is the Bureau of Soils and Water Management
(BSWM).

Spatial

Soil type will be delineated from the soil map taken from BSWM.

There will be many type of soil indicated on the map. Our only concern
is clay type which is part of the criteria to identify good soil for urban
expansion.

Clay

Step 4: Analyze the Data

LMU and soil series data are basic data inputs to the determination of
crop suitability and soil management. Overlaying the soil map on other land
factor maps such as erosion, slope among others would help determine land
limitations and physical limitations of the area.

In order to produce soil suitability for urban expansion, we will also
need the dataset from slope and flooding which can be derived from secondary
source. Include Stoniness/Rockiness if dataset is available. If not, the
product of the 3 criteria may be use for preliminary selection and the final
selection be criteria be determined when the options are already being assessed.

Slope

Good for Urban Expansion (0-10% Slope)